Evaluation of diabetes and smoking as predictors of severe coronary artery disease based on gender inequality

Seyfi Durmaz¹, İnan Mutlu², Mustafa Kurşun³

¹Ege University Medical Faculty, Department of Public Health, İzmir Turkey - ²Tinaztepe University Medical Faculty, Department of Cardiology - ³Aydin State Hospital, Cardiology Clinic

Aim: This research aims to assess the severity of coronary artery disease in patients admitted with chest pain to the emergency department and focus on how risk factors vary with gender.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 247 patients with a pre-diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome between August 2020 and February 2021. The severity of coronary artery disease in all patients was evaluated with the Gensini score. Independent risk factors that were found to be related to severe coronary artery patients were analyzed by logistic regression. 

Results: The risk of severe coronary artery disease of the 247 individuals included in the study was increased by 5% (p <0.005) with each year of rising age, the presence of diabetes was increased by 2.51 (95% Cl 1.38- 5.57) fold, and the presence of cigarette consumption increased by 2.79 (95% Cl 1.51-5.13) fold. In comparison, each year of age rise in women increased the risk of severe coronary artery disease by 6% (p <0.005), the presence of diabetes was prominently (5.32-fold; 95% Cl 2.10-13.47) as a risk factor. In men, the prominent risk factor was cigarette consumption (4.51-fold; 95% Cl 2.03-10.02).

Conclusion: Studies that attach importance to the necessity of questioning the risks in serious coronary artery diseases based on gender and accepting the possibility that these risks may turn into reverse inequalities in countries with different development levels will shed light on clinical practices and preventive medicine.