RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, AND PROGNOSIS OF RECTAL CANCER SURGERY COMPLICATIONS

Jingdong Wang¹, Nannan Huo², Qingyao Zhang^1*

¹Department of Anorectal Surgery, Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian, 116021, China - ²Department of General Surgery, Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian, 116021, China

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of rectal cancer surgery complications. 

Methods: From January 2016 to December 2020, 696 patients with rectal cancer in our cancer center were selected as the research objects. All patients were treated with rectal cancer surgery, and 116 cases of postoperative complications occurred, the incidence rate was 16.67%. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative complications of rectal cancer.

Results: The incidence of stoma complications was 2.73% (19/696), the incidence of postoperative intestinal obstruction was 4.17% (29/696), the incidence of incision complications was 23% (23/696), the incidence of bleeding was 0.86% (6/696), the incidence of ureteral injury was 0.43% (3/696), the incidence of posterior urethral injury was 0.57% (4/696), the venous thrombosis of lower limbs was 0.72% (5/696), and the incidence of urinary retention was 0.72% (0.72%). The incidence of pelvic effusion was 1.15% (8 / 696). Compared with the non-complication group, the male patients, age > 60 years, obese, anemia grade, preoperative complications, higher tumor location, larger diameter, longer operation time, and less operation experience in the complication group accounted for more cases (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, gender, BMI, preoperative anemia, comorbidities, tumor location, operation time and experience were risk factors for postoperative complications of rectal cancer (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: The postoperative complications of rectal cancer are high and various, which seriously affect the quality of life of patients and even endanger their lives. The analysis of the causes of complications can significantly improve the clinical treatment effect, reduce patient access, and improve the prognosis.