ANALYSIS OF ENDOSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF ESOPHAGEAL DISEASES IN CONAKRY, GUINEA

Yuan Cheng^{1, *}, Mohamed Keita², Xiaobei Si¹

¹Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital - ²Department of Internal Medicine, Sino Guinean Friendship Hospital

Introduction: To review the endoscopic detection rates of esophageal diseases in Conakry, Guinea, with a view to guiding clinical work. 

Materials and methods: Gastroscopy data from the Sino-Guinean Friendship Hospital in Conakry, Guinea, from January 2019 to January 2020 were used to calculate the detection rates of various esophageal diseases and to analyze their correlation with sex, age, ethnicity and occupation. 

Results: A total of 17 different esophageal diseases were detected in 115 patients who underwent gastroscopy, with the highest detection rate being reflux esophagitis and the lowest being esophageal papilloma. Reflux esophagitis, esophageal varices, esophageal carcinoma, esophageal polyps, and esophageal papilloma were more prevalent in males, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), whereas the difference in the distribution of benign esophageal stenosis and BE esophagus was not statistically significant; reflux esophagitis, esophageal varices, esophageal carcinoma, and BE esophagus were more prevalent in the Malinke tribe, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), whereas the difference in the distribution of benign esophageal stenosis and BE esophagus was not statistically significant. The distribution of polyps, benign esophageal stenosis, and esophageal papillomas was not statistically significant in each ethnic group; the detection rates of reflux esophagitis, esophageal varices, esophageal cancer, esophageal stenosis, esophageal papillomas, and BE esophagus increased with age, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); esophageal polyps did not differ significantly in each age group; reflux esophagitis and esophageal varices occurred more frequently in residents. (P<0.05), esophageal cancer, esophageal polyps, and benign esophageal stenosis were more prevalent among farmers, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05), whereas the distribution of esophageal papilloma and BE esophagus among occupations was not statistically significant (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Marinke men and farmers are prone to major esophageal diseases such as reflux esophagitis, esophageal varices, and esophageal carcinoma, which require increased awareness of self-care and the need for better chronic disease management in farming areas.