INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION OF RURAL RESIDENTS IN CHINA DURING THE PREVALENCE OF COVID-19

Lifan Zhang^{1, #}, Wen Hao^{2, 3, #}, Deqiong Xie^* 

¹Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China - ²North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China - ³Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, Sichuan, China 

Introduction: Novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) is a public health emergencies of international concern, which causes a certain degree of psychological burden, which may cause people’s anxiety, depression, and fear. This study aims to investigate the rural residents in China to better understand their psychological state during the epidemic period, and to provide reference for formulating targeted strategies.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey method was used to select 587 rural residents in a certain area of China to conduct a questionnaire survey through online recruitment and snowball sampling, and then to use the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 assess their psychological status and use demographic data to analyze risk factors.

Results: The anxiety score was (4.71±4.898), the anxiety detection rate was 45.0%; the depression score was (4.58±5.371),and the depression state detection rate was 42.6%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that monthly income, residence situation, fear of infection, the impact of COVID-19 on life, contact with people in epidemic areas, chronic diseases are risk factors for villagers’anxiety (p<0.05 for all). Marriage, education level, residence situation, fear of infection,fear of prognosis, the impact of COVID-19 on life, and chronic diseases are risk factors for depression of villagers (p<0.05 for all).

Conclusion: During the epidemic period, some villagers have anxiety and depression. It is suggested to strengthen the psychological attention of rural residents and carry out psychological protection and counseling in a timely manner so as to improve their psychological coping ability.