CORRELATION OF SERUM Β-HCG AND CARCINOMA ANTIGEN 125 LEVELS WITH FIRST-TRIMESTER THREATENED ABORTION IN WOMEN AND THEIR COMBINED DETECTION TO PREDICT THE PREGNANCY OUTCOME

Fang Fang¹, Wenqiang Zhu^{2, *}, Xiaoyong Chen¹

¹Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, PR China - ²School of Software and Internet-of-Things Engineering, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, PR China

Objective: To investigate the correlation of serum β-HCG and carcinoma antigen 125 levels with first trimester threatened abortion in women and their combined detection to predict pregnancy outcome. 

Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of 130 patients with early threatened abortion in our hospital from April 2017 to May 2018. According to the result of the pregnancy, patients were divided into a continuing pregnancy group and an inevitable abortion group, of which 75 patients continued to be pregnant, and there were 55 patients in the inevitable abortion group. Fifty healthy pregnant women in the obstetrics and gynaecology department of the hospital were selected as the control group. All pregnant women collected 6 ml of fasting venous blood in the morning and centrifuged at 4000 r/min for 5 min in a tabletop centrifuge. The supernatant was placed in a refrigerator at -30 °C for examination. Changes in human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG), serum glycoprotein antigen 125 (CA125), progesterone (PROG) and serum oestradiol (E2) were compared between the three groups. A Pearson’s test was used to analyse the correlation between CA125, PROG and E2. An ROC curve was used to analyse the predictive value of β-HCG, CA125 and the combination of the two for inevitable abortion. 

Results: Compared with the control group, the β-HCG levels in the continuous pregnancy group and the inevitable abortion group were significantly decreased, while the CA125 levels were significantly increased, which was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with the continued pregnancy group, β-HCG content in the abortion group was significantly reduced, and the CA125 content was significantly increased, a difference that was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of PROG and E2 in the continuous pregnancy group and the inevitable abortion group were significantly lower (P<0.05). Compared with the continued pregnancy group, the levels of PROG and E2 in the abortion group were also significantly lower (P<0.05). Serum β-HCG, CA125 and the combination of the two were used to diagnose patients with inevitable abortion. The areas under the ROC curve for these serums were 0.765, 0.836, and 0.898, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of serum β-HCG detection for inevitable abortion were 62.16% and 73.49, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of serum CA125 in patients with inevitable abortion were 74.26% and 70.65%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the combined detection of inevitable abortion patients were 89.20% and 94.36%, respectively. According to the Pearson’s analysis, CA125 was negatively correlated with β-HCG, PROG and E2 (r=-0.561, -0.834, -0.864), and β-HCG was positively correlated with the contents of PROG and E2 (r=0.523, 0.864). 

Conclusions: β-HCG was negatively correlated with CA125 content, and the combined detection of β-HCG and CA125 was superior to single detection, which was crucial for predicting early threatened abortion.