RISK FACTORS OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY AND NURSING INTERVENTION IN DIABETICS DURING PERIOPERATIVE PERIOD

Xiuqin Ma¹, Juan Lei^{2, *}, Tao Ma³

¹Nursing Section, HanZhong Central Hospital, Hanzhong, Shanxi, China - ²Intensive Care Unit, HanZhong Central Hospital, Hanzhong, Shanxi, China - ³Outpatient Operating Room, HanZhong Central Hospital, Hanzhong, Shanxi, China

Objective: To explore and analyze the risk factors of depression and anxiety in diabetics during perioperative period and study the nursing intervention. 

Methods: 101 patients with type-2 diabetes in perioperative period in our hospital were assessed by self-rating depression scale (SDS, n=61) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS, n=40). The psychological factors and metabolic indexes were compared and analyzed. The patients with depression or anxiety were divided into special nursing group (n=30) and control group (n=30). Special nursing mainly included psychological comfort intervention, dietary nursing intervention and exercise guidance intervention. The effects of special nursing intervention on the improvement of depression or anxiety, metabolic indexes and quality of life were studied. 

Results: The psychological factors of patients with depression or anxiety were compared with those of patients without depression or anxiety during perioperative period of type-2 diabetes, including therapeutic effect, fear of disease and operation, medical atmosphere, worrying about carelessness of curing and nursing, pain degree, sleep quality, disease knowledge, marital relationship, family economic status, worrying about the influence of career, and metabolic indexes, including fasting blood glucose detection, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin, had significant differences (p<0.01). The Logistic multivariate analysis found that the above indicators were independent risk factors (p<0.05). After special nursing, the condition of depression and anxiety, metabolic indicators and quality of life in special nursing group were significantly improved compared with those in control group (p<0.05). 

Conclusion: The important factors of depression and anxiety in the perioperative period of type-2 diabetes included the above psychological factors and metabolic indicators. The use of special nursing intervention had a great assistant therapeutic effect on the condition of depression and anxiety of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus in perioperative period.