EFFICIENCY OF SCREENING RESEARCH IN PREVENTION AND EARLY DIAGNOSTICS OF SPORADICAL COLORECTAL CANCER

ZUHRA GUSEINOVA1, DANA TAIZHANOVA1, ZAURESH TAUESHEVA1, ANAR TURMUHAMBETOVA1, DMITRIY BABENKO1, SORINA ANAMARIA PESTREA2, ANTONELLA CHESCA3, DAN MORARU

1Karaganda State Medical University, Kazakhstan - 2Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry and Neurology, Brasov - 3Transilvania University Brasov, Romania, Clinical Hospital of Pneumophtysiology Brasov, Romania - 4Clinical Hospital of Pneumophtysiology Brasov, Romania

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of screening in the prevention and early diagnosis of sporadic colorectal cancer.

Methods: The authors of the article examined 3 271 individuals aged 50-70 for the assessment of the effectiveness of screening for the prevention and early diagnosis of sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC). Men were 873 (27%), women - 2 398 (73%). The method of rapid test was used for the Investigation of fecal occult blood. Colonoscopy of the terminal ileum and colon was performed in the cases of positive result. Risk factors for CRC development were revealed in 70% patients when questioning. A randomized method also selec- ted 100 patients with negative results of fecal occult blood during the rapid test, which were examined for cancer embryonic antibodies (CEA) determination in blood and the level of fecal calprotectin.

Results: Hereditary predisposition, excessive consumption of meat products, smoking experience of more than 10 years, «seden- tary» lifestyle have been identified among the food and behavioral factors of the possible development of CRC. Predisposing inflamma- tory bowel diseases and CRC predominated significantly after 60 years. At the same time, CRC was predominantly diagnosed in women, inflammatory diseases - In men 4 times more often.

Conclusion: The use of a test system with an assessment of fecal occult blood compared with the use of the determination of CEA and calprotectin in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease has less specificity and sensitivity. Evaluation of fecal calprotectin and CEA levels will increase the degree of CRC early diagnosis.